[Help] C Programming

[prasadzmultiplex]

I need to write some programs in C Language that will Print the
Following Outputs:

I]
@@@@
*@@@
**@@
***@

II]
@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@***@@@@
@@@******@@@
@@*********@@
@************@


III]
******@
*****@@
****@@@
***@@@@

Note that only the @ symbols need to be printed.Only loops like For,While
& If...Else are Permitted.Any Help will be highly apppreciated.......

No matter How hard i've tried,I could'nt figure out how to do it.
I heard that the Digit Family is a very Helpful one when it comes to
newbies.I Sincerely Hope that this message of mine shall not be
Deleted/Banned......Hoping for an early Reply.

Adios...

[NikhilVerma]

I am rather bothered by your username...
Are you a member of the KuKluxKlan?
Or you really appretiate them?

Coz they are virtual terrorists....

[technovice]

yeah why KuKluxKlan...i mean even Sherlock Holmes fears them

neways heres my solutions
not tried them out though
hope they work !!

1]
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
printf(" ");
for(j=0;j<4-i,i++)
printf("@");
printf("\n");
}

2]
for(i=0; i<5;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<5-i;j++)
printf("@");
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
printf(" ");


for(j=0;j<i;j++)
printf(" ");
for(j=0;j<5-i;j++)
printf("@");

printf("\n");
}



3]
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<4-i;j++)
printf(" ");
for(j=0;j<i+1;j++)
print("@");
printf("\n");
}

I'm assuming the '*' are blank spaces

[cool_dude_prav]

@technovice...

Thot I wud give the answers but see tat ya has given the right answers...

Anyways, my word of appreciation for helping the fella...

[prasadzmultiplex]

Thank you technovice for helping me out with the programs......

I gotta check them out.But I have a problem.I formatted my PC
Recently and do not have the Turbo C Editor.Is there anywhere I can
Download it off the net?

I am a Std X student & Am trying to learn C on my own from some
Books by Yeshwant kanetkar. Until now i had done only simple programs
on my own.But now the going seems tough.

Thank You Once Again For Your Help.

[Kl@w-24]

Go here for download and instructions:

http://www.pitt.edu/~stephenp/misc/downloadTC.html

[prasadzmultiplex]

thank You Kl@w for the link.....I shall try compiling the progs now....

[technovice]

i have the same problem as you KKK
so im sorry if there are any syntax errors

[whoopy_whale]

Originally Posted by Kl@w-24

Go here for download and instructions:

http://www.pitt.edu/~stephenp/misc/downloadTC.html

From where can I download the Turbo C++ compiler,plz?

[Kl@w-24]

Free download here :

http://www.borland.com/products/down..._cbuilder.html

Also see this :

http://community.borland.com/article...,20841,00.html

http://community.borland.com/article...,21751,00.html

[suj_engico]

BETTER THAN ASKING
I WOULD WANT U TO GO FOR A C PGMMING TUTORIAL
BUT WHY DO U REQUIRE THESE??

[prasadzmultiplex]

Thanx a lot Guys....

That made my programming easier...
though i still am in the dark regarding Functions n NEsted Functions...

any tutorials?

[tuxfan]

What do you want to know about functions? Let us know. May be we can help

What do you mean by nested functions? Or is it nested loops?

But I think you are already referring to a book by Kanetkar. Does it not explain enough?

BTW, you have a deadly username!! KuKluxKlan!! What a name!!

[lamrinnirmal]

thats a crazy nick! hope you aint like em(the klan!)

dude go to http://www.programmersheaven.com
you ll get all the tutorials and tools you need.

[sagar_mutha]

great link lammy

thanx alot

[tuxfan]

Originally Posted by sagar_mutha

great link lammy

thanx alot

I second that. Great link.

[prasadzmultiplex]

Originally Posted by lamnirmal

thats a crazy nick! hope you aint like em(the klan!)

Not at all
Jus' that I tried 2-3 Variations of My name(which is a Quite Common One)
and was disappointed-There were already used.....So Thot of this Unique one

Originally Posted by lamnirmal

dude go to http://www.programmersheaven.com
you ll get all the tutorials and tools you need

Thanx for that Link......I read some and were helpful....
But can I download them as eBooks? or any other Way???

Originally Posted by tuxfan

What do you want to know about functions? Let us know. May be we can help

Functions are Somewhat Easy.....Just the Nested ones have me in a Tizzy

Originally Posted by tuxfan

What do you mean by nested functions? Or is it nested loops?

Nested Functions=Functions Within Functions.....They're a bit confusing...
Particularly the ones with many nestings.....

Originally Posted by tuxfan

But I think you are already referring to a book by Kanetkar. Does it not explain enough?

Yeah..It helps...but There's
No One to Xplain to me....i'm all on my own.....

Originally Posted by tuxfan

BTW, you have a deadly username!! KuKluxKlan!! What a name!!

Thanxxx for the Appreciation......

[aadipa]

Originally Posted by KuKluxKlan

Functions are Somewhat Easy.....Just the Nested ones have me in a Tizzy

Nested Functions=Functions Within Functions.....They're a bit confusing...
Particularly the ones with many nestings.....

What are those NESTED FUNCTIONs ?

[Tech&ME]

dude the book by Yeshwant kanetkar is pretty good one there , even we had used it during our early college days. Why don't u try book meant for new programmers, like book by DUMMIES --- C++ Programming For Dummies 3rd Edition by Stephen R. Davis, it a good book for starters.

[lamrinnirmal]

dude KuKlux pm me your email .... i ll host a few ebooks on C on a hosting server where you can download em off........or just search the forum....there are quite a lot of links to ebook sites(all legal!)

about nested functions............hope the below code clears your confusion.

imagine of a traveller moving to the different countries from main and when hes in australia() he doesnt go to anyother place(cause australia() doesnt call any function) and thus to find his way back to main he climbs up the way he came down.........

void india();
void england();
void usa();
void australia();

void main()
{
printf(" i am in main");
india();
printf("jus got back from india!.......finally here...what a ride");
}

void india()
{
printf("im in india! ");
england();
printf("jus got back from england.....!");
return;
}

void england()
{
printf("im in england.......the queen aint hot!");
usa();
printf("jus got back from usa");
return;
}

void usa()
{
printf("im in usa......so whats so great bout this place?pathetic!");
australia();
printf("got back from australia");
return;
}

void australia()
{printf("lost in the outbacks!.....gotta find myself way back");
return;
}

your output would be.....

i am in main
im in india!
im in england.......the queen aint hot!
im in usa......so whats so great bout this place?pathetic!
lost in the outbacks!.....gotta find myself way back
got back from australia( now you are in usa)
jus got back from usa(now in england)
jus got back from england.....!(now in india)
jus got back from india!.......finally here...what a ride(home sweet main.....program ends

[hafees]

Hi Klux

which book u r using?? Let us C?

There is no nested functions in C as u 've mentioned.

u may be mentioning something like this.

main()
{
a();
}


a()
{
b();
}

b
{
c();
}

c()
{

}

are u mentioning this type of function call?????

[hafees]

if u ve that program - the one with nested functions - pls post it here.

Let Us C is a good book (u may skip some advanced topics which is discussed on that book)

then Pointers in C
then Projects in C
then TSR programming thru C

[aadipa]

Originally Posted by lamrinnirmal

dude KuKlux pm me your email .... i ll host a few ebooks on C on a hosting server where you can download em off........or just search the forum....there are quite a lot of links to ebook sites(all legal!)

about nested functions............hope the below code clears your confusion.

imagine of a traveller moving to the different countries from main and when hes in australia() he doesnt go to anyother place(cause australia() doesnt call any function) and thus to find his way back to main he climbs up the way he came down.........

void india();
void england();
void usa();
void australia();

void main()
{
printf(" i am in main");
india();
printf("jus got back from india!.......finally here...what a ride");
}

void india()
{
printf("im in india! ");
england();
printf("jus got back from england.....!");
return;
}

void england()
{
printf("im in england.......the queen aint hot!");
usa();
printf("jus got back from usa");
return;
}

void usa()
{
printf("im in usa......so whats so great bout this place?pathetic!");
australia();
printf("got back from australia");
return;
}

void australia()
{printf("lost in the outbacks!.....gotta find myself way back");
return;
}

your output would be.....

i am in main
im in india!
im in england.......the queen aint hot!
im in usa......so whats so great bout this place?pathetic!
lost in the outbacks!.....gotta find myself way back
got back from australia( now you are in usa)
jus got back from usa(now in england)
jus got back from england.....!(now in india)
jus got back from india!.......finally here...what a ride(home sweet main.....program ends

This is not a nested function. Just a simple function calling other function.

[prasadzmultiplex]

Originally Posted by aadipa

This is not a nested function. Just a simple function calling other function.

Thanx Nirmal for the prog..I'm sure gonna try it out.
And aadipa a function calling another function is called Nesting of functions.
Atleast I think it is...Please correct me If I'm wrong.

As in case of Loop within a loop leads to various iterations.a function
within another function leads to nesting of functions.I have jus stepped
onto Recursions and they make my head go ga-ga

And Hafees.....the Book I'm presently referring to is Programming in C
By Venugopal & Prasad a/w the Kanetkar & Balagurusamy ones.....

[lamrinnirmal]

@aadipa- the poster has defined nested functions in his post as:

Nested Functions=Functions Within Functions.....They're a bit confusing...
Particularly the ones with many nestings.....

since every function called from any other function returns back to the point where it was called a nest is formed is'nt it?.........
anyways i made up the program reading his post as he has defined...... if im wrong let me know pal....

[tuxfan]

Ok. So the confusion is cleared about what is nested function. Actually, there is nothing called nested function. There may be nested loop. For example

while (TRUE)
{
   some code.... ;
  for (x=1; x<=20; x++)
  {
     some code .... ;
  }
}

These functions calling another function is pretty simple. Tell us what you don't understand about them.

[prasadzmultiplex]

Originally Posted by tuxfan

Ok. So the confusion is cleared about what is nested function. Actually, there is nothing called nested function. There may be nested loop. For example

while (TRUE)
{
   some code.... ;
  for (x=1; x<=20; x++)
  {
     some code .... ;
  }
}

These functions calling another function is pretty simple. Tell us what you don't understand about them.

Yeah I pretty much understand what the nesting of loops is all about...
But u ce ethe thing with functions is that they return to where it was called
from after performing the task.That is where I get into a mess....

For eg..I call a function at line 6 of my prog....It goes to its definition
which i have provided at the end,carrieds out the task & returns back
to line 7 and then the prog continues....

WIth nesting of functions,it becomes complicated.....If suppose there is
a function within the definition of the earlier function,where does it go to
after it gets executed? Back to the Definition part or the Earlier function
called part??
Also what do u mean when u say " A Function returns with a value"?

[hafees]

Actually y do u use the term nested function like nested if or nested loops. Actually u CAN'T define a function inside another function body.

A function returns to from where it is called. If A calls B and B calls C and C calls D, then D is returned to C and C is returned to B and so on. In no way D can return to A(unless D is called from A).

Return with a value means a function is not void.
By default every function is supposed to return an int

that is

myfunc() is same as int myfunc()
.if u want to make it return nothing then make it void
eg: void my_func(int x) { ... }
A function can return only one value.

[tuxfan]

Originally Posted by prasadzmultiplex

Yeah I pretty much understand what the nesting of loops is all about...
But u ce ethe thing with functions is that they return to where it was called
from after performing the task.That is where I get into a mess....

If this doesn't happen, you will be in a bigger mess Where do you think should it go after the function is finished? Just think, what will make it convenient?

Originally Posted by prasadzmultiplex

For eg..I call a function at line 6 of my prog....It goes to its definition which i have provided at the end,carrieds out the task & returns back to line 7 and then the prog ontinues....

This is called sequential programming as compared to event based programming. Usually (not a rule), under GUI, event based programming is used and under text based environments sequential programming is used.

Originally Posted by prasadzmultiplex

WIth nesting of functions,it becomes complicated.....If suppose there is a function within the definition of the earlier function,where does it go to after it gets executed? Back to the Definition part or the Earlier function called part??

Huh?? What are you trying to ask? Control is never returned back the statement that defines a function. It is always retuned to the statement that calls it.

Originally Posted by prasadzmultiplex

Also what do u mean when u say " A Function returns with a value"?

Take a very simple example. You have a function called Add3Numbers(). This is how you call it. Here the function returns a value.

Sum1 = Add3Numbers(23,12,34);
Sum2 = Add3Numbers(num1,num2,num3);

This function will be coded like this.

int Add3Numbers (int a, int b, int c)
{
  int total;
  total = a + b + c;
  return (total);
}

Hope you have understood.

[prasadzmultiplex]

Thanxx a lot Tuxfan & hafees.....I seem to have got Functions and their nesting
all taped out.As tuxfan explained,the 'Returning' part was a bit foggy 4 me and
thanx to u & some books/tutorials,i seem to have grasped them.

Now I hate bothering u guys again but I have hit a wall again.This time
its the arrays.I have seen some tutorials as supplied by nirmal and they're good.
But there are no programs on the net are there? Googling is os little use.
I have managed most of the programs given in the exercise but two of them
are eating my head away.

1)A Prog to accept data in2 an array so that Even nos. go into Even
Indexes & odd nos. go into Odd Indexes.

2)A Prog to enter data into a 3X3 matrix so that 1st data goes into 9th
cell,2nd into 8th & so on.....